Epic of Beowulf Essay - Foreign and English Translations...

Foreign and English Translations and Versions of Beowulf From 1805 until the present there have been introduced an abundance of paraphrases, translations, adaptations, summaries, versions and illustrations of Beowulf in modern English and in foreign languages due mostly to two reasons: the desire to make the poem accessible, and the desire to read the exotic (Osborn 341). It is the purpose of this essay to present a brief history of this development of the popularity of the poem and then compare some of the translations with respect to some more difficult passages in the poem Beowulf. In 1805 Sharon Turner included some passages from Beowulf in his The History of the Anglo-Saxons; he increased the text in later†¦show more content†¦Now let’s make a comparison between translations for some passages which translators might show disagreement about because of the lack of clarity or missing fragments of text or abundance of synonyms or ambiguous referents. After the Danish coast-guard meets and talks to Beowulf, the guard then begins his next speech with a brief maxim or aphorism: Aeghwaepres sceal scearp scyldwiga gescad witan, worda ond worca, se pe wel penced. (287-289) T.A. Shippey comments in â€Å"The World of the Poem† that : Translating this ought not to be difficult†¦. The problem here is caused by the fact

Feminist Ideals in Zora Neale Hustron´s Eyes Were Watching...

America witnessed the birth of the Women’s Rights Movement over 150 years ago with the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848. Since this historic event, American women have not ceased fighting for equality and free will in every aspect of their lives. While first-wave feminism involved suffrage and political equality, second-wave feminism combatted social and cultural inequalities. Despite limitations to their personal freedom, women have overcome adversity to advocate for and acquire a more equal position in society. Among these progressive women stands Zora Neale Hurston, whose works are viewed as essential to the continuum of American feminist literature. One of the first great American black female writers, Hurston refused to concede to†¦show more content†¦While Janie yearns for â€Å"idyllic union† and emotional fulfillment, Nanny maintains the â€Å"prevailing sexual and racial milieu† by arranging her marriage with wealthy landowner Logan Killicks (Mee se 264). Hurston purposefully compares Janie’s progressive ideals to those of feminists who were coined as â€Å"New Women† who sought marriages based on equality. She directly relates this contrast in beliefs to feminist’s dreams of and efforts towards success and equality through female autonomy rather than material wealth and security under a man’s control. Furthermore, as Janie settles in her second marriage with Jody Starks, she becomes increasingly dissatisfied. Janie’s feelings of confinement and entrapment steadily rise as Jody orders her to remain introverted and shuttle between the general store and home (Moss and Wilson 3). He forces Janie to play the role of a beautiful and submissive wife and â€Å"does not allow her to articulate her feelings or ideas [although she] longs to participate in everyday town life† (Moss and Wilson 3). Accordingly, Hurston scorns Jody for believing â€Å"She’s uh woman and her place is in de home† (43) and utilizes his chauvinistic outlook to promote women to establish importance outside of homemaking and caregiving. Hurston’s proposal directly reflects and supports Catharine Beecher’s influential efforts to â€Å"reconcile women to the limitations of the domestic sphere† (Cott 40) and expand women’s ability to excel in a multitude of different

Leaders After Ww1 Free Essays

After World War I, economies of countries all over the world collapsed causing the Great Depression. Italy adapted a fascism government under Benito Mussolini. During the Russian revolution, Russia turned to communism under Vladimir Lenin. We will write a custom essay sample on Leaders After Ww1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now After Lenin passed away Joseph Stalling took his place. To them, Democracy led to corruption and weakness and put individual or class interests above national goals because all democratic countries at that time were experiencing difficulties. When Adolf Hitler came into power he followed Mussolini rule by establishing a totalitarian government. Benito Mussolini was the son of a socialist blacksmith and a teacher. He promised to end corruption and replace turmoil with order. he rejected socialism for intense nationalism. He organized the Fascist party which consisted of veterans and discontented Italians. Fascist gangs used intimidation and terror to enforce order because they had lost faith in a constitutional government. He favored business leaders, wealthy landowners and the lower middle class. He brought the economy under state control to encourage economic growth. Under Mussolini loyalty to the state was significant and as for individual, they were considered less important. They were bombarded with propaganda glorifying the state. Joseph Stalin brought all economic activity under government control. The government owned all businesses and distributed all resources. Wages were low and workers were forbidden to strike. He also brought agriculture under government control where the state set all prices and controlled access to farm supplies. Stalin’s Communist party used the secret police torture, and violent purges to ensure obedience. Citizens knew what would happen if they were disloyal. He used propaganda to elevate the communist system by making him a godlike figure. The government censored the press and decided which books where published. If the book violated government expectations the writer was put to trial. Stalin tried to strengthen its hold on the minds of the people by destroying their religious faith. Women gain access to a variety of jobs and allowed to attend schools. He destroyed the old social order and created one with the communist party members at the top. Germany drafted a Democratic government after World War I. It soon proved to be weak because of many small parties. Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party brought hope to Germans suffering from the Great Depression during the 1930s. He promised to solve the economic crisis and restore Germany’s former greatness. Like Mussolini, Hitler organized his supporters into fighting squads where they fought their political enemies in the streets. When he was elected he and his supported made Germany a one-party state. They suspended civil rights, destroyed the socialists and Communists. Hitler executed anyone that he felt was disloyal. People soon learned that Hitler demanded absolute obedience. To achieve his goals, Hitler organized totalitarian rule. Nazis controlled all areas of German life which included government, religion and education. Elite, black-uniformed system of troops enforced the Hitler’s will. His secret police took care of all opposition. Like Fascists in Italy, Nazis sought to limit women’s roles. Women were not allowed to attend universities because they were meant to increase the birthrate. Economic problems and ethnic tensions contributed to instability, which in turn helped fascist and communist rulers gain power. These dictators promised order and won the backing of the military and wealthy. They used terror to enforce rules and flourished during economic hard times. In addition, they drew power from blind devotion of the state and needed a charismatic leader as a role model. While a fascist government worked for national goals, communist government worked for international changes. How to cite Leaders After Ww1, Essay examples

Leaders After Ww1 Free Essays

After World War I, economies of countries all over the world collapsed causing the Great Depression. Italy adapted a fascism government under Benito Mussolini. During the Russian revolution, Russia turned to communism under Vladimir Lenin. We will write a custom essay sample on Leaders After Ww1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now After Lenin passed away Joseph Stalling took his place. To them, Democracy led to corruption and weakness and put individual or class interests above national goals because all democratic countries at that time were experiencing difficulties. When Adolf Hitler came into power he followed Mussolini rule by establishing a totalitarian government. Benito Mussolini was the son of a socialist blacksmith and a teacher. He promised to end corruption and replace turmoil with order. he rejected socialism for intense nationalism. He organized the Fascist party which consisted of veterans and discontented Italians. Fascist gangs used intimidation and terror to enforce order because they had lost faith in a constitutional government. He favored business leaders, wealthy landowners and the lower middle class. He brought the economy under state control to encourage economic growth. Under Mussolini loyalty to the state was significant and as for individual, they were considered less important. They were bombarded with propaganda glorifying the state. Joseph Stalin brought all economic activity under government control. The government owned all businesses and distributed all resources. Wages were low and workers were forbidden to strike. He also brought agriculture under government control where the state set all prices and controlled access to farm supplies. Stalin’s Communist party used the secret police torture, and violent purges to ensure obedience. Citizens knew what would happen if they were disloyal. He used propaganda to elevate the communist system by making him a godlike figure. The government censored the press and decided which books where published. If the book violated government expectations the writer was put to trial. Stalin tried to strengthen its hold on the minds of the people by destroying their religious faith. Women gain access to a variety of jobs and allowed to attend schools. He destroyed the old social order and created one with the communist party members at the top. Germany drafted a Democratic government after World War I. It soon proved to be weak because of many small parties. Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party brought hope to Germans suffering from the Great Depression during the 1930s. He promised to solve the economic crisis and restore Germany’s former greatness. Like Mussolini, Hitler organized his supporters into fighting squads where they fought their political enemies in the streets. When he was elected he and his supported made Germany a one-party state. They suspended civil rights, destroyed the socialists and Communists. Hitler executed anyone that he felt was disloyal. People soon learned that Hitler demanded absolute obedience. To achieve his goals, Hitler organized totalitarian rule. Nazis controlled all areas of German life which included government, religion and education. Elite, black-uniformed system of troops enforced the Hitler’s will. His secret police took care of all opposition. Like Fascists in Italy, Nazis sought to limit women’s roles. Women were not allowed to attend universities because they were meant to increase the birthrate. Economic problems and ethnic tensions contributed to instability, which in turn helped fascist and communist rulers gain power. These dictators promised order and won the backing of the military and wealthy. They used terror to enforce rules and flourished during economic hard times. In addition, they drew power from blind devotion of the state and needed a charismatic leader as a role model. While a fascist government worked for national goals, communist government worked for international changes. How to cite Leaders After Ww1, Essay examples